Ansible PlayBook

记录各种模块的使用方法

打印主机信息

gather_facts

# 收集目标主机的系统信息 可通过 {{ ansible_facts['key'] }} 引用
# 默认开启

# 关闭（可提升执行效率）
gather_facts: false

# 选择性关闭（如果 tags 包含state、reboot则关闭，否则启用）
gather_facts："{{ 'no' if 'state' in ansible_run_tags or 'reboot' in ansible_run_tags else 'yes' }}"

debug

---
- name: Check if rsync is installed and get its version
  hosts: all
  gather_facts: yes
  tasks:
    - name: Display Others
      debug:
        var: ansible_facts['distribution'],ansible_facts['distribution_version'] # 系统版本
## 结果
# TASK [Display Others] 
# ************************************************************************************************
# ok: [172.21.27.39] => {
#    "ansible_facts['distribution'],ansible_facts['distribution_version']": "('Anolis', '7.9')"
# }


# 或者
        msg: "{{ ansible_facts['distribution'] }} {{ ansible_facts['distribution_version'] }}" 
## 结果
# TASK [Display Others] 
# ************************************************************************************************
# ok: [172.21.27.39] => {
#     "msg": "Anolis 7.9"
# }

# 忽略 msg 中的换行符（编码时友好）
        msg: >
          OS: {{ ansible_facts['distribution'] }} {{ ansible_facts['distribution_version'] }},
          Kernel: {{ ansible_facts['kernel'] }}
## 结果
# TASK [Display Others] **************************************************************************
# ok: [172.21.27.39] => {
#     "msg": "OS: Anolis 7.9, Kernel: 4.19.91-27.4.an7.x86_64\n"
# }

变量

自定变量的使用方法和 ansible 系统变量一样

---
- name: Check if rsync is installed and get its version
  hosts: all
  gather_facts: yes
  tasks:
    - name: Display Others
      vars:
        Old_OS_Version: "7.7" # 定义
        # 还可以 Old_OS_Version: {{ ansible_facts['distribution'] }} {{ ansible_facts['distribution_version'] }}
      debug:
        msg: >
          OS_Version: {{ Old_OS_Version }} >> {{ ansible_facts['distribution'] }} {{ ansible_facts['distribution_version'] }}

# 结果
# TASK [Display Others] *********************************************************************************************
# ok: [172.21.27.39] => {
#     "msg": "OS_Version: 7.7 >> Anolis 7.9\n"
# }


# 变量文件分割 和 变量的列表形式
# test_vars.yaml
http_port: 80 # 字典形式
db_config:    # 列表形式，方便调用
  host: "db.example.com"
  user: "admin"

# foo.yaml
---
- name: Dispaly
  hosts: all
  gather_facts: no
  vars_files:
    - ./test_vars.yaml # 加载外部变量文件

  tasks:
    - name: Display Others
      debug:
        msg: "Port: {{ http_port }}, DB host: {{ db_config.host }}"

# 结果
# TASK [Display Others] ***********************************************************************************
# ok: [172.21.27.39] => {
#     "msg": "Port: 80, DB host: db.example.com"
# }